What happened this week in history

In 1640, the Treaty of Ripon was signed, restoring peace between Scotland and Charles I.
Former England rugby player Austin Healey celebrates his 43rd birthday this week. EMN-161018-141202001Former England rugby player Austin Healey celebrates his 43rd birthday this week. EMN-161018-141202001
Former England rugby player Austin Healey celebrates his 43rd birthday this week. EMN-161018-141202001

1775 - King George III went before Parliament to declare the American colonies in rebellion, and authorize a military response to quell the American Revolution.

1863 - The Football Association was formed. The rules for soccer were standardised and rugby became a separate game.

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1881 - The legendary Gunfight at the OK Corral took place at Tombstone Arizona.

1917 - Felix the Cat made his first cartoon appearance.

1917 - In the Battle of Caporetto, Italy suffered a catastrophic defeat to the forces of Austria-Hungary and Germany. The young unknown Oberleutnant Erwin Rommel captured Mount Matajur with only 100 Germans against a force of over 7,000 Italians.

1929 - It was announced all London buses would be red, after the yellow variety had proved unpopular in trials.

1947 - The Maharaja of Kashmir and Jammu agreed for his kingdom to join India.

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1950 - King George VI opened the restored House of Commons, which had been destroyed in an air raid in 1941.

1951 - The Conservatives defeated Labour in the general election by a small majority making Winston Churchill prime minister for the second time.

1958 – Pan American Airways made the first commercial flight of the Boeing 707 from New York City to Paris, France.

1974 - The British press coined the phrase Rollermania to describe Bay City Rollers fans tartan-clad hysteria.

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1985 - An American child, known only as Baby Fae, was given a baboon’s heart to replace her malformed one.

1985 - The Australian government returned ownership of Uluru (Ayers Rock) to the local Pitjantjatjara Aborigines.

1999 - The House of Lords voted to end the right of hereditary peers to vote in Britain’s upper chamber of Parliament.

2005 - 18-year-old Andy Murray beat British number one tennis player Tim Henman in Basel.

2014 - British forces withdrew from Afghanistan after 12 years, four months and seven days.